Contoh Kiprah Portopolio Kimia Sifat Koligatif Larutan K13
Contoh kiprah portopolio laporan pada bahan kimia Kelas XII KD 3.2 Sifat koligatif larutan elektrolit dan Nonelektrolit
Tujuan percobaan :
Dasar Teori :
Menurut Chang (2005:20) sifat koligatif larutan elektrolit memerlukan pendekatan yang sedikit berbeda dengan yang dipakai untuk sifat koligatif larutan nonelektrolit. Alasannya ialah alasannya elektrolit terurai menjadi ion-ion dalam larutan, dan dengan demikian satu satuan senyawa elektrolit terpisah menjadi dua atau lebih partikel jikalau dilarutkan. (ingat, yang memilih sifat koligatif larutan ialah banyaknya partikel zat terlarut) misalnya tiap satuan NaCl terurai menjadi ion, Na+ dan Cl-. Jadi, sifat koligatif 0,1 m larutan NaCl akan dua kali lebih besar dibandingkan 0,1 m larutan yang mengandung nonelektrolit, menyerupai sukrosa. Sama halnya 0,1 m larutan CaCl2 tentunya akan menurunkan titik beku tigas kali lebih banyak daripada 0,1 m larutan sukrosa. Untuk menjelaskan imbas ini kita harus memodifikasi persamaan sifat koligatif sebagai berikut :
ΔTd = i Kd m
ΔTd = i Kb m
= i M R T Dengan :
i = 1 + (n-1) α
n = banyaknya ion
α = derajat ionisasi
untuk elektrolit berpengaruh (α = 1), harga i = n
Variabel i ialah faktor van’t Hoff yang didefinisikan sebagai :
Alat dan Bahan
No. | Alat/Bahan | Ukuran/satuan | Jumlah |
1. | Tabung reaksi | Kecil | 5 buah |
2. | Gelas kimia plastik | 1000 mL | 1 buah |
3. | Thermometer | -10°C - 110°C | 1 buah |
4. | Batang Pengaduk | - | 1 buah |
5. | Larutan NaCl | 1 m | 5 cm3 |
2 m | 5 cm3 | ||
6. | Larutan urea | 1 m | 5 cm3 |
2 m | 5 cm3 | ||
7. | Es batu | - | 1 Kg |
8. | Garam dapur kasar | - | 1 Kg |
9. | Akuades | - | secukupnya |
Prosedur Percobaan
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Hasil Pengamatan
Titik beku air murni (akuades) : . . . . °C
Larutan | Konsentrasi (m) | Titik beku (°C) | Penurunan titik beku (°C) |
NaCl | 1 | ||
NaCl | 2 | ||
Urea | 1 | ||
Urea | 2 |
Pembahasan
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Kesimpulan dan Saran
a) Kesimpulan
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e. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
b) Saran
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Daftar Pustaka
Chang, Raymond. 2005. Kimia Dasar Jilid 2 Edisi Ketiga. Jakarta : Gelora Aksara Pratama.
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